Installing Python Packages Into a Virtual Environment

Hi, Thanks for the nice video. Could you please show how we can initialize git repository while the virtual environment i active.

Hi, Omer! git is largely unaware of Python virtualenvs. (Unless you’re calling git from python directly, but that doesn’t sound like what you’re doing :) )

If you need a git refresher, the commands for initializing and using git are covered in our Intro to Git article

Thank you Jim. I am using some git commnds but I did not use them with virtual environment. For instance, I have a simple Python project:

HelloWorld — venv — bin — include — lib — pyenv.cfg — example1.py — example2.py

In order to add this project to version control, I am planning to follow the steps below. I am not sure whether this is a correct way. I also wonder best practices. 1- cd HelloWorld 2- init git repository 3- add venv directory into .gitignore file

https://imgur.com/a/mH5tlN7

That sounds like a good approach. You don’t want the venv in your repo. You should think about a requirements.txt file to store what dependencies you have and THAT can be in the repo.

Hope that helps!

Do you happen to have a link handy for using requirements.txt?

@rehdwolfe: Check out our tutorial on using Pip and requirements.txt files.

Thanks. Very very (not a type) helpful. I would like to know how can I code in IDLE in the virtual enviroment. Thanks

Hi shevachp. IDLE is not made for writing production code in and therefor not for writing apps in virtual environments. I would recommend you upgrade to a more extensive code editor or IDE. We have a guide on IDEs and editors here: realpython.com/python-ides-code-editors-guide/

Hope that helps.

Would it be possible to update this video series to be friendly to users on Windows using powershell because it is very different?

Hello,

I am watching the section of “Installing python package into a virtual environment”. At the time of “01:01” how did you put the command (venv) rorschach:my-python-project daniel$ back in a sudden?

Please help.

Thanks

@jeanbai You can exit the Python interpreter by sending the end-of-file (EOF) character to it. It’s associated with different keyboard shortcuts on different operating systems. On Linux, for example, you can hit [Ctrl] + [D], while on Windows it’s [Ctrl] + [Z] followed by [Enter].

@WD I’m using Powershell too and I was blocked by the command to enter for this case. After a few research I found my solution:

In Powershell on Windows, the command is a little bit different:

environment-name\\Scripts\\Activate.ps1

Hello,

I’ve created a virtual environment and activated the environment. I was trying to test if some code was able to run before I installed the appropriate package:

from urllib.request import urlopen

url = "http://olympus.realpython.org/profiles/dionysus"
page = urlopen(url)
html = page.read().decode("utf-8")
print(html)

However, since I have not installed the requests or urllib package in the virtual environment, it still succeeds in the running the code above without any errors. I have a couple of questions:

1. How can that happen? I assume for running the urlopen module the packages should first be installed in the virtual environment? Or does every virtual environment come with a standard set of packages?
2. When a virtual environment is active and it does not find the right packages, does it automatically search for those packages in the global environment?
3. Does it matter where exactly you save your scripts and how you run them? E.g. from terminal or using IDLE?

@Thomas It works because urllib comes preinstalled with Python. It’s always available through the standard library, even in your virtual environments.

The idea behind virtual environments is to have isolated Python interpreters, so when a module can’t be found in your virtual environment, then Python won’t automatically search for it elsewhere.

It does matter which Python binary you run the script through. That will effectively determine which virtual environment and dependencies will be used.