Create a Django Project

My default port 8000 was being used, so I tried with

python manage.py runserver 8080

Hi Martin, As you know, I completed this course once before. I have completed other courses since but remember this one as the best. So, I am going to run through it again. Already, your detailed commentary helped me solve a problem I was having in another course. That was great and I am looking forward to re-doing this course. Cheers.

Hi and welcome back for the second round @reblark. :) Glad it’s been useful, and training your skills by doing exercises over again is definitely a great way to learn. Keep up the motivation!

Guys I keep getting the following error as soon as i try to run the server:`` Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18362.657] (c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. PycharmProjects\Portfolio app>python manage.py runserver Watching for file changes with StatReloader Exception in thread django-main-thread: Traceback (most recent call last): File “H:\Coding\lib\threading.py”, line 926, in _bootstrap_inner self.run() File “H:\Coding\lib\threading.py”, line 870, in run self._target(self._args, self._kwargs) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py”, line 53, in wrapper fn(args, kwargs) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py”, line 109 , in inner_run autoreload.raise_last_exception() File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py”, line 76, in raise_last_exc eption raise _exception[1] File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management__init__.py”, line 357, in execu te autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)() File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py”, line 53, in wrapper fn(*args, kwargs) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django__init__.py”, line 24, in setup apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py”, line 114, in populate app_config.import_models() File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py”, line 211, in import_models self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name) File “H:\Coding\lib\importlib__init__.py”, line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 1006, in _gcd_import File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 983, in _find_and_load File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 677, in _load_unlocked File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>”, line 728, in exec_module File “<frozen importlib._bootstrap>”, line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\models.py”, line 2, in <module> from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py”, line 47, in <module>

class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):

File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py”, line 121, in new new_class.add_to_class(‘_meta’, Options(meta, app_label)) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py”, line 325, in add_to_class value.contribute_to_class(cls, name) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\options.py”, line 208, in contribute_t o_class self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length()) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db__init__.py”, line 28, in getattr return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py”, line 207, in getitem backend = load_backend(db[‘ENGINE’]) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py”, line 111, in load_backend return import_module(‘%s.base’ % backend_name) File “H:\Coding\lib\importlib__init__.py”, line 127, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File “C:\Users\Shaun\PycharmProjects\Portfolio app\venv\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py”, line 14, in <modul e> from sqlite3 import dbapi2 as Database File “H:\Coding\lib\sqlite3__init__.py”, line 23, in <module> from sqlite3.dbapi2 import * File “H:\Coding\lib\sqlite3\dbapi2.py”, line 27, in <module> from _sqlite3 import * ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.``

And it is driving me absolutely insane.  I have tried installing sqlite3 manually or through pycharm and nothing works.

Hi @littleblueline. It often helps to search for the last line of your error message online and look through the answers, e.g. in your case:

from _sqlite3 import * ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

Reading over it, it seems that your system isn’t finding the database connector (sqlite3 for the default Django setup).

From your traceback I can also see that you’re on Windows. Are you working with the Anaconda Python distribution? I don’t see anything pointing clearly to that in your traceback, but still asking :) If you are, try creating your virtual environment with conda instead. You can read up on the steps for that in Creating development environments and installing Django with Anaconda.

I personally don’t have too much experience working with Python on Windows, and I’ve heard there are sometimes troubles brewing there…

Two ways that often work well for Python on Windows are:

• Anaconda distribution: It comes pre-installed with a bunch of libraries geared towards data science, so not exactly what you’re looking for when doing web development.
• Windows Store: You can now download Python 3 through the Windows store, which helps setting some PATH issues right from the start.

You could try those, or drill down some more on what exactly the issue is on your machine by doing some more research with the specifics of your system. E.g. when you include more search terms, such as the error message, “PyCharm”, your windows system and the way you installed Python, as well as how you created the venv etc.

Hope this helps, and let me know your system specifics and what you come up with in your search, and I can bounce back some more updated debugging ideas. :)

Thank you for the advice, man. I uninstalled everything Python related on my computer as I had multiple versions, as well as Pycharm. I reinstalled everything today making sure to select the latest versions. It seems to be working fine now!

Yay, that’s great to hear :)

I dont see anyone having mentioned the error I’m getting so I’m adding that here in case someone can offer some insight while I keep working on it:

Django version 3.0.3, using settings 'portfolio.settings'
Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
Not Found: /
[03/Mar/2020 13:22:47] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404 2033
Not Found: /favicon.ico
[03/Mar/2020 13:22:48] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 2084

I see online articles for ‘creating a favicon.ico’ but I’m not keen to do that when it wasnt mentioned in this video…

Solved: Regarding the favicon.ico problem I describe above, I simply deleted the “portfolio” folder and the “manage.py” file from my django-portfolio directory and repeated these steps:

jango-admin startproject portfolio .
python manage.py runserver

Works fine now.

Maybe this will help someone else down the road.

Great! I’ve mentioned this in some other comments, but it seems that you downloaded the .zip file and started working with the already finished project. That file is meant only as a reference, for following this course you should build the code from scratch. Which is what you did here, by deleting the folder and re-creating it anew with the appropriate commands :)

Note: (just for the sake of being precise and avoiding confusion for other readers) It has to be:

django-admin startproject portfolio .

The d got lost somewhere on the way to our comment server 😜

Great course Martin!

I was reading a section from docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/intro/tutorial01/about

Where should this code live?

If your background is in plain old PHP (with no use of modern frameworks), you’re probably used to putting code under the Web server’s document root (in a place such as /var/www). With Django, you don’t do that. It’s not a good idea to put any of this Python code within your Web server’s document root, because it risks the possibility that people may be able to view your code over the Web. That’s not good for security.

Put your code in some directory outside of the document root, such as /home/mycode.

Does django-admin startproject portfolio . place code in the Web server’s document root?

I was thinking that if you ran command without the “.” that the code would live outside the Web server’s document root?

Not sure what a best practice would be. So that when I’m ready to take a porject to the next phase I’ve got the file structure where I need it to be.

Thanks for your help Martin.

Hi @Doug, the quick answer is that it doesn’t really matter.

Running the startproject command will create your project wherever your terminal is currently pointing to. That could theoretically be somewhere on your webserver, but for your own sanity’s sake I would suggest that you develop your project locally and only put it on a webserver when you’re done and everything works as you want it to : )

It helps to keep in mind that these are all just folder structure questions. Your local computer has a folder structure, your webserver has a folder structure, and your Django project has a folder structure as well. And you can move your Django project’s folder structure wherever you want to. It is self-contained.

When you set up your project on a webserver to get it online, you will have to do some work to point the webserver to your Django project.

Note that the second time I wrote “webserver” I’m talking about a program, such as nginx. Before I meant the server computer. To make your life working with the web a little bit more difficult, both the physical hardware as well as some programs that run on webservers to deliver content over the web are called “webservers”… 🙄 🤷‍♂️

tl;dr: As long as you don’t explicitly create your Django project in your server’s root directory, or copy it to there, using the . or not (which rhymes!) doesn’t make a difference here : )

Hi @Martin

The reason I was concerned is that when developing a Drupal (a PHP-based CMS) site/app, the files are organized as such:

project/composer.json
project/composer.lock
project/.editorconfig
project/.gitattributes
project/vendor/
project/web/

All the Drupal files live inside web/

I could move all the Drupal files inside project/ but this is would make it very difficult to maintain site/app.

This is why I asked about Django folder structure. When app was ready for prime-time I wanted to have folders nice and tidy :)

I have installed your sample code into my editor and followed along with your code up to this point and everything is working as expected. However, when I clicked on the 127.0.0.1:8000/ link in my environment, the following error message displayed: How can I resolve this issue?

Page not found (404)
Request Method:     GET
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/

Using the URLconf defined in portfolio.urls, Django tried these URL patterns, in this order:

    admin/
    projects/

The empty path didn't match any of these.

You're seeing this error because you have DEBUG = True in your Django settings file. Change that to False, and Django will display a standard 404 page.

@KatMac The attached code is a finished “product,” which overrides Django’s default view that you can see in the video. Try visiting 127.0.0.1:8000/projects/ instead, or commenting out the highlighted line in portfolio/urls.py:

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    # path('projects/', include('projects.urls')),
]