inheritance

In object-oriented programming (OOP), inheritance allows you to create a new class by inheriting features from an existing one. You can define a class that inherits data (attributes) and behavior (methods) from another class, known as the base class, superclass, or parent class.

This mechanism promotes code reuse and helps you create a hierarchical class structure that reflects real-world relationships. By using inheritance, you can override or extend the functionality of the parent class to tailor the behavior of the derived or child class to meet specific requirements.

Example

Here’s an example of inheritance in Python:

Python 
class Vehicle:
    def __init__(self, brand, model):
        self.brand = brand
        self.model = model

    def start_engine(self):
        print(f"The {self.brand} {self.model}'s engine is starting!")

class SelfDrivingCar(Vehicle):
    def self_drive(self):
        print("Self-driving through the road!")

# Usage
car = SelfDrivingCar("Waymo", "One")
car.start_engine()  # Output: The Waymo One's engine is starting!
car.self_drive()  # Output: Self-driving through the road!

In this example, the SelfDrivingCar class inherits from the Vehicle class. Apart from .brand, .model and .start_engine(), which are inherited members, the class implements the .self_drive() method to provide extended functionality.

Inheritance and Composition: A Python OOP Guide

Tutorial

Inheritance and Composition: A Python OOP Guide

In this step-by-step tutorial, you'll learn about inheritance and composition in Python. You'll improve your object-oriented programming (OOP) skills by understanding how to use inheritance and composition and how to leverage them in their design.

intermediate best-practices python

For additional information on related topics, take a look at the following resources:

By Leodanis Pozo Ramos • Updated April 24, 2025
Python Glossary Share Feedback